M–C–M’ (Money–Commodity–Money) is abbreviated as the “general formula of capital”. This is the most abstract general form of the movement of capital including industrial capital, commercial capital and interest-bearing capital. The general formula of capital has chosen the form of money-circulation of capital, the money at the front and back ends are different amounts, and advancing a certain amount of M results in recovering more money, i.e., M’, which realizes the valorization of value [also translated as “expansion of value”] and reflects the most essential features of the movement of capital in a concentrated manner…
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