Lenin inherited the scientific and technological thought of Marx and Engels, combined with the reality of proletarian socialist revolution and construction, and innovated and developed scientific and technological thought. The main contents are as follows: (1) Criticizing the idealism essence of the newest philosophy of natural science and using the new scientific discoveries to attack materialism in a new form, systematically expounding the inseparable relationship between Marxist philosophy and natural science. Natural science advocates materialism spontaneously, and its new achievements confirm dialectical materialism. Dialectical materialism provides theoretical guidance for natural science research; philosophy workers should form an alliance with modern natural scientists. Firstly, they should absorb natural scientists to participate in the propaganda of combat materialism and atheism, because modern natural science is undergoing rapid changes, and some reactionary philosophical schools, large and small, are often produced. Secondly, to help natural scientists use materialist dialectics to study and answer new problems, guide natural scientists to accept the world outlook of dialectical materialism and consciously support dialectical materialism. Lenin defended and developed Marxist dialectical materialism and laid a solid philosophical foundation for his scientific and technological thought. (2) The development and application of science and technology is an important material basis for the transition from laissez-faire capitalism to monopoly capitalism, that is, imperialism stage, and also an important material condition for promoting the transition from capitalism to socialism. Lenin argued that new science and technology promoted the rapid development of capitalist productive forces and accelerated the concentration and monopoly of means of production. Imperialism was the monopoly stage of capitalism. In the process of monopoly formation, science and technology have promoted the great development of socialization of production, even the process of technological invention and technological improvement has also been socialized, but the private ownership of means of production has not changed. At the same time, the development and application of science and technology continue to squeeze the living space of small producers, which makes them bankrupt and become proletarians, and more and more working people go into poverty, which makes the class contradictions and social basic contradictions of capitalist society increasingly acute. Therefore, monopoly is the transition from capitalism to a higher system, and imperialism is the eve of proletarian social revolution. Lenin also argued that the struggle between countries for monopoly capital to compete for the world market and to divide their sphere of influence is becoming more and more fierce, which naturally leads to the conclusion of a worldwide agreement between them, the formation of an international cartel, the division of colonies by monopolistic land, and the cruel exploitation of the masses of the colonized people by using the most advanced scientific and technological achievements. The oppressed nations should gradually learn, master and use the scientific and technological achievements imported by monopoly organizations, so as to turn them into powerful weapons for national revolution and liberation. (3) Science and technology are important conditions for consolidating and developing socialism. Lenin attached great importance to the great role of science and technology in promoting social change and development. He believes that in Russia, where small farmers are dominant and dominant, there is only one way to dig out the roots of capitalism and finally defeat capitalism, that is, to transfer the national economy, including agriculture, to the technological basis of modern mass production, develop large machinery industry and create higher labor productivity than capitalism. He pointed out that the only material basis for the transition to socialism is the material base, it is required to realize electrification, the latest scientific technological achievement at that time, and reconstruct and restore industry and agriculture based on modern technology of electric power. Only when the industry, agriculture and transportation industry are built on the basis of the latest technological invention of modern science, can the victory of socialism over capitalism and the consolidation of socialism be guaranteed, and then creatively put forward the famous formula that “communism is equal to Soviet power plus electrification of the whole country”. Under his own initiative, the Soviet Union established the State Electrification Commission of Russia. Lenin highly praised the “All Russia Electrification Plan” formulated by hundreds of outstanding experts as the only serious, rich and excellent scientific work, and called it as “the second party platform”…
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